Are ultra-processed foods as addictive as smoking?

Ultra-processed foods have been studied for their potential to trigger addictive-like eating behaviours, but comparisons to nicotine require careful interpretation. In this episode, we examine the evidence, biological mechanisms, and health risks in European populations.

In this episode, we cover:

• What ultra-processed foods are (industrial formulations high in sugar, salt, and refined fats)

• How reward pathways and dopamine signalling are involved in eating behaviour

• Research on food addiction scales and behavioural patterns

• Similarities and differences between food reward and nicotine dependence

• Links to obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease

• The role of portion size, marketing, and food environment

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