Cadillac has been the benchmark of American luxury for over a century, the brand against which all other American prestige automobiles have been measured. Its famous slogan — "Standard of the World" — was not marketing bravado when introduced in the early 1900s; it was a literal claim backed by extraordinary engineering achievement. In 1908, Cadillac became the first automaker in history to win the Dewar Trophy from the Royal Automobile Club of Britain, the most prestigious automotive award in the world at the time, by demonstrating that its parts were so precisely manufactured they were fully interchangeable between cars.

Cadillac defined American luxury through the mid-twentieth century with a series of breathtakingly styled vehicles that embodied the optimism and extravagance of postwar America. The tail fins of the 1959 Cadillac ...