The issuance of the 1914 10 Pesos banknote by the Ejército Constitucionalista de México represents a critical intersection of military logistics, sovereign financial policy, and economic survival during the Mexican Revolution1.

To fund a massive, multi-front armed rebellion capable of defeating the entrenched federal army, Carranza faced an insurmountable logistical challenge. Financing a war required vast amounts of capital to procure food, clothing, livestock, and most importantly, arms and ammunition from international suppliers across the United States border. Requisitioning these supplies directly from the civilian populace through force or confiscation was politically untenable, as such actions would incite severe social unrest and rapidly erode the public support required to sustain the revolution

The legal framework validatin ...