Case Summary:

The United States sued the State of Texas, the Governor, and state officials in federal district court to challenge Texas Senate Bill 4 (S.B. 4), a state law that creates new state crimes for unlawful entry and reentry by noncitizens and authorizes state officers and judges to arrest, prosecute, and order the removal of noncitizens based on immigration violations. The federal government alleged that S.B. 4 is preempted because Congress has given the federal government exclusive authority over immigration and because the Texas scheme conflicts with the Immigration and Nationality Act by creating a parallel state removal system and undermining federal discretion in enforcement and foreign relations. After the United States, several nonprofits, and El Paso County filed suit, the district court consolidated the challenges and ent ...