What truly marks the Church of Christ—power, visibility, and tradition, or faithfulness to the Word of God? In this section of his Prefatory Address, John Calvin defines the Church by its true marks: the pure preaching of Scripture and the right administration of the sacraments according to Christ’s institution. He rejects the accusation of innovation by showing that reform is not novelty but a return to apostolic faithfulness, just as the prophets, Christ, and the apostles themselves were accused of disruption when they called God’s people back to the truth. Calvin also answers the charge of rebellion, insisting that the gospel strengthens civil order, teaches obedience to lawful authority, and forbids private violence, even under injustice. Far from promoting unrest, Calvin argues that persecution arises when truth is resisted, not whe ...