The FGA, FGB, and FGG genes encode the three polypeptide chains—alpha, beta, and gamma—that assemble to form fibrinogen. Fibrinogen is a critical plasma protein involved in blood clotting, wound healing, and maintaining hemostasis. It serves as a precursor to fibrin, forming a mesh-like structure that stabilizes blood clots. Beyond clot formation, fibrinogen plays roles in inflammation, tissue repair, and cellular signaling, making it essential for vascular health and recovery from injury.

Mutations or dysregulation in these genes can lead to disorders such as dysfibrinogenemia or hypofibrinogenemia, impacting clot formation and wound healing. These genes are also pivotal in therapeutic strategies targeting coagulation disorders and cardiovascular diseases.