Last episode, we said deep expertise survives automation. This episode tackles the question that answer creates: how does anyone become an expert now?

The boring entry-level work - routine contracts, standard drawings, first drafts - was never just cheap labour. It was the ladder. And AI is taking exactly that work. The latest payroll research shows employment for workers aged 22–25 in AI-exposed jobs has fallen 16% relative to other workers, while their older colleagues hold steady. Yet the same economist found the opposite result in a 5,000-agent call centre, where AI coaching made rookies 34% better, faster than any training programme ever had.

Same technology, opposite outcomes. Alex Rivers unpacks what decides which one you get — and what to do about it, whether you're starting your career or leading the team a graduate  ...