Oh, What’s in a Name? Irving F. Stein and Michael L. Leventhal first described the syndrome, originally known as Stein-Leventhal syndrome, in 1935, in the AJOG. They published a case series of seven women displaying a triad of symptoms, including hirsutism, amenorrhea (absent menstruation), and bilaterally enlarged polycystic ovaries. We now know that PCOS affects 1 in 8 women globally (170 million women of reproductive age worldwide), and that there are 4 main manifestations of the condition- reflecting its diverse phenotype. Now, as of 05/12/25, a collaboration across 56 leading academic, clinical, and patient organizations, as well as iterative global surveys that garnered responses from over 14,300 people with PCOS and multidisciplinary health professionals have endorsed a NEW term (Lancet) for this: polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome.  ...