Note sull'episodio
Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer, 343 U.S. 579 (1952)
Full notes and cites: https://opinion-of-the-court.pages.dev/ep/035-youngstown-sheet-tube-co-v-sawyer
Official text (U.S. Reports, Library of Congress): https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/service/ll/usrep/usrep343/usrep343579/usrep343579.pdf
Full text of the opinions, AI-narrated (Kokoro-82M, voice af_heart). Original introduction; opinion text is public domain. Not legal advice.
In April 1952, with the Korean War underway and a nationwide steel strike about to begin, President Truman ordered Secretary of Commerce Charles Sawyer to seize and run the nation's steel mills. No statute authorized it. Congress had actually considered and rejected giving the President seizure power in labor disputes. Truman relied on his inherent powers as President and Commander in Chief.
Justice Black, for a six-to-three majority, held the seizure unconstitutional. The President's power must come from an act of Congress or from the Constitution itself, and this order was lawmaking, which belongs to Congress.
Everyone remembers this case, though, for Justice Jackson's concurrence, which sets out three zones of presidential power: when he acts with Congress's authorization, in the twilight zone of congressional silence, and against Congress's will, where his power is at its lowest ebb. Jackson's framework now governs nearly every fight over executive power. Chief Justice Vinson dissented for three justices.
Citations: reporter citations were shortened or left out of the audio; every citation is listed on the website.
Cases named aloud
- Ashwander v. Tennessee Valley Authority, 297 U.S. 288 at 341, 346 [as printed: Ashwander v. Tennessee Valley Authority, 297 U. S. 288, 341, 346; Concurrence (Mr. Justice Frankfurter)] (episode link pending)
- McCulloch v. Maryland, 4 Wheat. 316 at 415 [as printed: McCulloch v. Maryland, 4 Wheat. 316, 415 (1819); Concurrence (Mr. Justice Clark)] (episode link pending)
- Hurtado v. California, 110 U.S. 516 at 530 [as printed: Hurtado v. California, 110 U. S. 516, 530; Concurrence (Mr. Justice Frankfurter)] episode
- Springer v. Philippine Islands, 277 U.S. 189 at 209 [as printed: Springer v. Philippine Islands, 277 U. S. 189, 209; Concurrence (Mr. Justice Frankfurter)] episode
- La Abra Silver Mng. Co. v. United States, 175 U.S. 423 [as printed: La Abra Silver Mng. Co. v. United States, 175 U. S. 423; Concurrence (Mr. Justice Frankfurter)] (episode link pending)
- Act. Bus Employees v. Wisconsin Board, 340 U.S. 383 at 396 [as printed: Bus Employees v. Wisconsin Board, 340 U. S. 383, 396; Concurrence (Mr. Justice Burton)] (episode link pending)
- Myers v. United States, 272 U.S. 52 [as printed: Myers v. United States, supra; Dissent (Mr. Chief Justice Vinson)] episode
- United States v. Midwest Oil Co., 236 U.S. 459 [as printed: United States v. Midwest Oil Co., supra; Dissent (Mr. Chief Justice Vinson)] (episode link pending)
- , supra [as printed: , supra; Dissent (Mr. Chief Justice Vinson)] (episode link pending)
(+20 more named aloud; see the website)
Full list of 87 citations not read aloud: https://opinion-of-the-court.pages.dev/ep/035-youngstown-sheet-tube-co-v-sawyer