Carbon Capture Technologies The most mature technology for removing CO₂ from industrial flue gases is chemical absorption using aqueous amines (e.g., monoethanolamine). While effective, this process is energy-intensive due to the heat required for solvent regeneration and poses environmental risks via the formation of toxic secondary emissions like nitrosamines.

To address these limitations, significant innovations are emerging:

• Advanced Materials: The 2025 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Richard Robson, Susumu Kitagawa, and Omar Yaghi for developing Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs). These porous, crystalline materials offer tunable structures for highly selective and energy-efficient gas capture. Other solid adsorbents like zeolites are being optimized for separating CO₂ from N₂ or CH₄ via equilibrium and steric effects.