Cobalt is critical for modern batteries, but with over half of global production coming from the Democratic Republic of Congo, it represents one of the great geopolitical vulnerabilities.

China controls most of the Cobalt mining in the Congo through coercive labor systems, so if China's system continues on its current path...Cobalt production will crash. Filling China's shoes in Congo is no easy feat. Foreign stabilization and oversight are difficult and aren't likely to come from Western governments. So, Cobalt supplies will collapse.

Either the world will find a way forward with less Cobalt, or we'll get really good at recycling it. The scariest piece is that Cobalt isn't the only critical material that's vulnerable, so the era of easy tech advancement powered by cheap, abundant inputs is coming to an end.

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