In today’s readings, we explore how God’s righteousness extends beyond the Law to all who live by truth—and how even angels transcend space. We begin with Justin Martyr, Dialogue with Trypho, Chapters 45–46, where Justin explains that those who lived righteously before and under the Law are saved through Christ, not by ritual observance but by doing what is eternally good. He also refutes the idea that keeping the Law today—apart from Christ—can contribute anything to righteousness. Next, in Augustine’s Confessions, Book VIII, Chapter 1, we follow Augustine into his thirty-second year, as he wrestles deeply with desire, hesitates at the threshold of conversion, and seeks wisdom from the elder Simplicianus. Finally, Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologica, Part I, Question 52, Article 1, asks whether an angel  ...