North Carolina wasn’t just late to ratify the Constitution—its opposition practically forced America to add the Bill of Rights.

In this episode, host Donald Bryson and Guest Paul Newby, Chief Justice of the North Carolina Supreme Court, discuss the Hillsborough Convention (where anti-federalists refused to ratify the Constitution), the years that the state was in limbo, and the Fayetteville Convention, where North Carolina is the second-to-last state to join the Union.