What is metformin, and what is it used for in Europe?

Metformin explained: type 2 diabetes treatment, insulin resistance, HbA1c reduction, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and prescribing criteria.

In this episode, we outline how metformin works and how doctors prescribe and monitor it under EU medical guidance.

You’ll learn:

• What metformin is (a first-line oral medication for type 2 diabetes)

• How it reduces hepatic glucose production

• Why it improves insulin sensitivity

• Common uses beyond diabetes, including PCOS

• Typical side effects: nausea, diarrhoea, abdominal discomfort

• The rare risk of lactic acidosis

• Monitoring requirements: kidney function (eGFR), HbA1c, vitamin B12 levels

• Situations where treatment may be declined or adjusted (re ...