Pope Leo XIV made waves when he declared just war theory 'outdated' in his encyclical Magnifica Humanitas - and again on a plane to Madrid when he said flatly, 'There is no just war there' in regards to Iran. But is he contradicting CCC §2309, or taking its own logic to its conclusion? In this episode, Kedon Gumerson traces just war theory from Augustine to Aquinas to the modern battlefield, looks at what scripture says, and asks the question the Church is really wrestling with: when a moral framework designed to restrain war gets used to justify it, what is the response? And as Catholic Americans - where does our loyalty lie?