"Netiquette," or digital etiquette, refers to the rules of respectful and courteous communication online.1 Because we cannot see facial expressions or hear the tone of voice in text, it is easy for misunderstandings to happen. Behind every screen name and avatar is a real person with real feelings, and words online can have a powerful impact.1

A simple, powerful guideline for all online interactions is the "Grandma Rule": "Don't say anything online that you wouldn't be comfortable saying to Grandma's face".1 This simple rule makes abstract concepts like respect, kindness, and empathy concrete and relatable. It serves as a quick mental check before posting a comment, sending a message, or sharing content.

Phishing is a type of scam where criminals try to trick people into giving up personal information, like pas ...