What will it take to build a prosthetic hand that your brain accepts as part of your own body? Maria Chiara Carrozza describes the frontier of neurorobotics, where artificial limbs must not only move on command but generate the sensory feedback that creates body ownership.

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Carozza defines human-robot symbiosis as a relationship where robot and user share the same objectives and are interdependent in performing tasks. Her Neuro-Robotics Research Group at Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna in Pisa develops wearable robots that read non-invasive signals, including surface electromyography, limb movements, eye tracking, and physiological indicators, to infer user intentions without surgical implants. The challenge extends beyond reading intent: the robot must also provide sens ...