The Iran–Iraq War was one of the most devastating conflicts of the modern Middle East — yet it is often overshadowed by later wars in the Gulf. This episode explores how Saddam Hussein’s invasion of Iran in 1980 became an eight-year struggle of revolution, nationalism, oil, fear, chemical weapons, and survival.

Neither Iran nor Iraq truly won. But the war reshaped the region: it hardened Iran’s security mindset, pushed Iraq toward the invasion of Kuwait, militarized the Persian Gulf, and left a legacy that still echoes through Middle Eastern politics today.