A false teacher from Smyrna claimed that the Father and the Son were not distinct persons at all, forcing the early Church to confront one of the most important questions in Christian theology: Who exactly is Jesus Christ? In today’s readings, Hippolytus of Rome begins his powerful refutation of Noetus, arguing that while God is one, the Father and the Son must not be confused with one another. Augustine continues his searching examination of the heart, reflecting on the subtle temptations of pleasure and the difficulty of truly knowing ourselves. Aquinas then explores the proper use of oaths and adjuration, teaching that invoking God's name is lawful only when done with truth, justice, and careful judgment. Together, these readings remind us that whether we are defending doctrine, examining our motives, or speaking in God's name, humility before ...