SUD is a chronic, progressive illness characterized by remissions and relapses. The highest-yield concepts for safe nursing care revolve around recognizing life-threatening withdrawal, overdose management, administering essential medications, and addressing maladaptive family dynamics.

1. Must-Know Substances & Safety Risks

• Alcohol: A central nervous system depressant. Alcohol withdrawal is life-threatening and usually begins 4 to 12 hours after the last drink. Symptoms include tremors, elevated vital signs, sweating, and anxiety, which can progress to seizures or delirium tremens. Detoxification requires medical supervision and assessment tools like the CIWA-AR to monitor symptom severity.
• Opioids: Includes heroin, illicit fentanyl, and prescription  ...