On this episode of Neuroscience Perspectives, John Foxe, PhD, talks with Ania Majewska, PhD, professor of neuroscience and co-director of the Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center at the University of Rochester. Majewska studies microglia—immune cells in the brain—and how they interact with synapses during development, learning, and disease. Using advanced two-photon microscopy and in-vivo imaging, Majewska and her team can watch microglia and synapses interact in the living brain. Her landmark research has helped shift how we think about microglia, showing that they are not just passive responders to injury but active, dynamic participants in normal brain wiring and plasticity. Majewska also discusses her path into neuroscience, the evolution of two-photon imaging, and the importance of mentorship in scientific research.  ...