Recorded remotely from Tel Aviv during repeated air-raid sirens, Daniella Alpher and veteran strategist Yossi Alpher unpack the first hours of a direct Israel–U.S. military campaign against Iran and Iran’s immediate missile response across the region. They dig into why diplomacy collapsed, what Washington and Jerusalem appear to be aiming for, and why “regime change” is an appealing slogan but a highly uncertain strategy when you are relying mostly on air power.

The conversation breaks down several early surprises: Iran targeting Gulf states that previously pushed for de-escalation, the geopolitical stakes around the Strait of Hormuz, and the notable (so far) absence of Iran’s proxy forces from the battlefield. They also debate the strategic wisdom and potential blowback of attempting to assassinate Iran’s top leadership, and what chaos ins ...