Einstein's Theory of Relativity
Special Relativity (1905): Introduce Albert Einstein’s first major breakthrough: the Theory of Special Relativity. Key Concepts:The Speed of Light is Constant: In all inertial frames of reference, the speed of light is the same, regardless of the motion of the observer or light source. Time Dilation: Moving clocks tick more slowly compared to stationary ones (example: astronauts traveling at near-light speed). Length Contraction: Objects moving at high speeds appear contracted along the direction of motion. E=mc²: Mass and energy are interchangeable (the famous equation). Examples: GPS satellites must account for time dilation due to their relative motion to Earth.