Albert Einstein was born in 1879 in Ulm, Germany, and became one of the most influential scientists in history. In 1905 he published several groundbreaking papers that changed modern physics, including work on light particles (photons), Brownian motion, and his famous Theory of Relativity. His work showed that mass and energy are related through the equation E = mc². Einstein later received the Nobel Prize in Physics for his research on the photoelectric effect and is remembered for transforming our understanding of space, time, and energy.

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This episode was created using Notebook LM voice-overs and original research by Rosemary Pollock, historian  ...