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The pediatric GU system differs significantly from adults. Children have a slower Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) and less efficient urinary concentration, making them highly susceptible to dehydration and fluid overload.

• Anatomy: The female urethra is shorter, increasing Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) risk. The kidneys are less protected by fat/ribs, increasing injury risk.

• Assessment Priority: Weight is the best indicator of fluid status. Assessment focuses on hydration (I&O, specific gravity), blood pressure (critical in renal disease), and edema.

Major Structural Disorders