The landscape of Physics Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) in the 2025–2026 era is defined by extreme experimental precision pushing the boundaries of the Standard Model (SM). While the SM remains robust, it cannot explain gravity, dark matter, neutrino masses, or the hierarchy problem.

High-Energy Frontier (LHC Run 3) The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has shifted from discovery to precision characterization. Recent results from ATLAS and CMS using Run 3 data have set record limits on the Higgs boson's self-interaction ($\kappa_\lambda$), a key parameter for understanding the stability of the vacuum and the early universe. Searches for heavy resonances (like vector-like quarks or superpartners) have pushed mass limits into the multi-TeV range, constraining "natural" solutions to the hierarchy problem such as Supersymmetry (SUSY). The lack of lo ...