Inflammageing is the chronic, low-grade, sterile, and systemic inflammation that progressively increases with age. Unlike acute inflammation, which is a temporary and protective immune response to injury or infection, inflammageing is a persistent, smoldering condition that damages tissues over time and acts as a significant risk factor for morbidity and mortality in the elderly.

Key Drivers and Mechanisms Inflammageing is driven by a complex interplay of biological failures:

• "Garb-aging" and Debris: The aging body loses its ability to clear cellular waste (autophagy and proteasome decline). This leads to the accumulation of "cellular garbage," such as damaged mitochondria and misplaced self-molecules (DAMPs), which trigger innate immune receptors like the NLRP3 inflammasome to release pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1β, IL-18) ...