The dot-com bubble was a historic period of intense financial speculation in the late 1990s driven by the emergence of the Internet. Investors poured massive amounts of venture capital into tech startups, often ignoring traditional profitability metrics in favor of rapid brand expansion. This enthusiasm caused the Nasdaq Composite to surge dramatically before reaching a breaking point in early 2000. As interest rates climbed and capital dried up, numerous high-profile online businesses collapsed, resulting in a trillion-dollar loss in market value. Despite the economic devastation of the crash, the era left a lasting legacy by financing the telecommunications infrastructure and software foundational to the modern digital age. Larger survivors lik ...