Muthuvel Karunanidhi was an Indian writer and politician who served as Chief Minister of Tamilnadu for almost two decades over five terms between 1969 and 2011. He is popularly referred to as Kalaignar (Artist) and Muthamizh Arignar (Tamil Scholar) for his contributions to Tamil literature. Kalaignar has introduced many welfare schemes for the people during his ruling period. He had the longest tenure as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu.