Professor Robert Sparrow is Professor of Philosophy at Monash University in Melbourne and one of the world's foremost applied ethicists working at the intersection of technology and human life. Over more than two decades he has written on robot ethics, AI in healthcare, autonomous weapons systems, the moral status of artificial systems, and the ethics of AI-generated emulations of deceased people. He is known for following philosophical arguments wherever they lead, even when the conclusions are genuinely uncomfortable.

The conversation opens with Robert reflecting on how the thought experiments he was developing in the late 1990s have become urgent real-world questions, and on what it actually meant when AI passed the Turing test: almost nobody concluded that machines could therefore think.

The centrepiece of the discussion is Robert ...