The ocean looks calm from above.

But beneath the surface, Earth's crust is constantly being built, broken, and reshaped by volcanoes hidden in complete darkness.

Thousands of volcanic structures rise from the seafloor, many of them impossible to see from land.

In The Volcanoes Hiding Beneath the Ocean, we descend into this hidden world to explore submarine volcanoes, underwater eruptions, hydrothermal vents, and the strange ecosystems that survive around them.

Most underwater volcanic activity occurs along tectonic plate boundaries. Along the enormous mid-ocean ridges, magma rises from Earth's interior, cools, and creates new seafloor.

Other volcanoes form around hotspots, creating seamounts that can rise thousands of meters from the ocean floor.

AD BREAK 1

Underwater eru ...